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Starty kosmických objektů v roce 1998

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Na následujících řádcích uvádím v originále celý Jonathan's Space Report No.384,
který přináší přehled všech raket a užitečných zatížení vypuštěných v roce 1998.

ORBITAL PAYLOADS 1998

PART 1 - List and current status

 Orbits are given for late Dec 1998:
 perigee (km) x apogee (km) x inclination (deg)


INT'L   NAME            AGENCY  TYPE      LAUNCH     ORBIT OR STATUS
DESIGN.                                   DATE
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
01A Lunar Prospector   NASA-ARC   Probe      Jan  7 In lunar orbit
02A Skynet 4D          UK MoD     Comsat     Jan 10 35685 x  35889 x 3.7  52.8E
F01 'Ofeq-4            ISA        Imaging    Jan 22 Fell in Mediterranean Sea
03A Endeavour STS-89   NASA-JSC   Spaceship  Jan 23 Landed at KSC Jan 31
03A Spacehab-DM        NASA-JSC   Spacelab   Jan 23 Remained attached to OV-105
04A Soyuz TM-27        RKA        Spaceship  Jan 29 Landed in Kazakstan Aug 25
05A CAPRICORN          NRO/CIA    Comsat?    Jan 29   200?x 39500?x 63.4
06A Brasilsat B-3      Embratel   Comsat     Feb  4 35774 x 35799 x  0.1  84.0W
06B Inmarsat 3 F5      Inmarsat   Comsat     Feb  4 35770 x 35800 x  2.3  25.0E
07A GFO                USN        Altimetry  Feb 10   774 x   877 x108.0 
07B Orbcomm G1         Orbcomm    Comsat     Feb 10   781 x   877 x108.0
07C Orbcomm G2         Orbcomm    Comsat     Feb 10   785 x   875 x108.0
07D Celestis-02        Celestis   Burial     Feb 10   782 x   884 x108.0
08A Globalstar FM1     Globalstar Comsat     Feb 14  1411 x  1415 x 52.0
08B Globalstar FM2     Globalstar Comsat     Feb 14  1412 x  1414 x 52.0
08C Globalstar FM3     Globalstar Comsat     Feb 14  1404 x  1422 x 52.0
08D Globalstar FM4     Globalstar Comsat     Feb 14  1391 x  1437 x 52.0
09A Kosmos-2349        MO RF      Imaging    Feb 17 Landed in Kazakstan Apr 2
10A Iridium 52         Iridium    Comsat     Feb 18   775 x   779 x 86.4
10B Iridium 56         Iridium    Comsat     Feb 18   774 x   780 x 86.4
10C Iridium 54         Iridium    Comsat     Feb 18   775 x   779 x 86.4
10D Iridium 50         Iridium    Comsat     Feb 18   775 x   779 x 86.4
10E Iridium 53         Iridium    Comsat     Feb 18   775 x   779 x 86.4
11A Kakehashi          NASDA      Comsat     Feb 21   467 x 17718 x 30.1
12A SNOE               NASA-GSFC  Science    Feb 26   527 x   577 x 97.7
12B T1                 Teledesic  Comsat     Feb 26   525 x   569 x 97.7
13A Hot Bird 4         Eutelsat   Comsat     Feb 27 35764 x 35807 x  0.2  13.0E
14A Intelsat 806       Intelsat   Comsat     Feb 28 35771 x 35802 x  0.0  40.5W
15A Progress M-38      RKA        Cargo      Mar 14 Deorbited over Pacific May 15
16A UHF F/O F-8        USN        Comsat     Mar 16 35768 x 35800 x  5.6 171.8E  
17A SPOT 4             CNES       Imaging    Mar 24   824 x   825 x 98.7
18A Iridium 51         Iridium    Comsat     Mar 25   751 x   756 x 86.4
18B Iridium 61         Iridium    Comsat     Mar 25   774 x   780 x 86.4
19A Iridium 55         Iridium    Comsat     Mar 30   775 x   790 x 86.4
19B Iridium 57         Iridium    Comsat     Mar 30   775 x   779 x 86.4
19C Iridium 58         Iridium    Comsat     Mar 30   775 x   779 x 86.4
19D Iridium 59         Iridium    Comsat     Mar 30   775 x   779 x 86.4
19E Iridium 60         Iridium    Comsat     Mar 30   775 x   779 x 86.4
20A TRACE              NASA-GSFC  Astronomy  Apr  2   596 x   640 x 97.8
21A Iridium 62         Iridium    Comsat     Apr  7   776 x   778 x 86.4
21B Iridium 63         Iridium    Comsat     Apr  7   775 x   779 x 86.4
21C Iridium 64         Iridium    Comsat     Apr  7   776 x   779 x 86.4
21D Iridium 65         Iridium    Comsat     Apr  7   776 x   778 x 86.4
21E Iridium 66         Iridium    Comsat     Apr  7   772 x   782 x 86.4
21F Iridium 67         Iridium    Comsat     Apr  7   774 x   780 x 86.4
21G Iridium 68         Iridium    Comsat     Apr  7   775 x   779 x 86.4
22A Columbia (STS-90)  NASA-JSC   Spaceship  Apr 17 Landed at KSC May 3
22A Neurolab           NASA-MSFC  Spacelab   Apr 17 Remained attached to OV-102
23A Globalstar FM6     Globalstar Comsat     Apr 24  1411 x  1415 x 52.0
23B Globalstar FM8     Globalstar Comsat     Apr 24  1407 x  1415 x 52.0
23C Globalstar FM14    Globalstar Comsat     Apr 24  1411 x  1415 x 52.0
23D Globalstar FM15    Globalstar Comsat     Apr 24  1404 x  1423 x 52.0
24A Nilestar 101       Nilesat    Comsat     Apr 28 35775 x 35797 x  0.0   7.0W
24B BSAT 1b            BSAT       Comsat     Apr 28 35786 x 35789 x  0.0 109.9E
25A Kosmos-2350        MO RF      Early Warn Apr 29 35513 x 36066 x  1.8  73.0E 
26A Iridium 69         Iridium    Comsat     May  2   777 x   783 x 86.4
26B Iridium 71         Iridium    Comsat     May  2   775 x   778 x 86.4
27A Kosmos-2351        MO RF      Early Warn May  7   739 x 39609 x 63.1
28A Echostar 4         Echostar   Comsat     May  7 35769 x 35802 x  0.0 148.0W
29A USA 139            NRO/CIA    Sigint     May  9 35780?x 35800?x  0?
30A NOAA 15            NOAA       Weather    May 13   807 x   824 x 98.7
31A Progress M-39      RKA        Cargo      May 14 Deorbited over Pacific Oct 29
32A Iridium 70         Iridium    Comsat     May 16   775 x   780 x 86.4
32B Iridium 72         Iridium    Comsat     May 16   776 x   779 x 86.4
32C Iridium 73         Iridium    Comsat     May 16   776 x   778 x 86.4
32D Iridium 74         Iridium    Comsat     May 16   775 x   779 x 86.4
32E Iridium 75         Iridium    Comsat     May 16   691 x   694 x 86.6
33A Zhongwei 1         ChinaOri   Comsat     May 30 35774 x 35794 x  0.0  87.6E
34A Discovery (STS-91) NASA-JSC   Spaceship  Jun  2 Landed at KSC Jun 12 
34A Spacehab-SM        NASA-JSC   Spacelab   Jun  2 Remained attached to OV-103
34A AMS                NASA-JSC?  Astronomy  Jun  2 Remained attached to OV-103
35A Thor III           Telenor    Comsat     Jun 10 35764 x 35811 x  0.0   0.8W
36A Kosmos-2352        MO RF      Comsat     Jun 15  1311 x  1873 x 82.6
36B Kosmos-2353        MO RF      Comsat     Jun 15  1300 x  1869 x 82.6
36C Kosmos-2354        MO RF      Comsat     Jun 15  1307 x  1871 x 82.6
36D Kosmos-2355        MO RF      Comsat     Jun 15  1303 x  1867 x 82.6
36E Kosmos-2356        MO RF      Comsat     Jun 15  1298 x  1866 x 82.6
36F Kosmos-2357        MO RF      Comsat     Jun 15  1294 x  1862 x 82.6
37A Intelsat 805       Intelsat   Comsat     Jun 18 35776 x 35798 x  0.0  55.5W 
38A Kosmos-2358        MO RF      Recon      Jun 24 Landed Oct 22
39A Kosmos-2359        MO RF      Recon      Jun 25   237 x   288 x 64.9
40A Molniya-3          RKA        Comsat     Jul  1   645 x 39708 x 62.8
41A Nozomi             ISAS       Probe      Jul  3 En route to Mars
42A Tubsat-N           TUB        Technology Jul  7   399 x   763 x 78.9
42B Tubsat-N1          TUB        Technology Jul  7   397 x   747 x 78.9
42C Shtil'-1           TUB        Test       Jul  7   401 x   801 x 79.0
43A Resurs-O1          RKA        Imaging    Jul 10   816 x   818 x 98.8
43B Fasat-Bravo        FACH       Imaging    Jul 10   814 x   818 x 98.8
43C TM-SAT             TMSAT      Technology Jul 10   816 x   818 x 98.8
43D Gurwin Techsat 1B  Technion   Technology Jul 10   817 x   818 x 98.8
43E WESTPAC            WPLTN      Geodesy    Jul 10   816 x   818 x 98.8
43F SAFIR-2            DLR        Comsat     Jul 10   815 x   817 x 98.8
44A Sinosat            Sinosat    Comsat     Jul 18 35777 x 35798 x  0.0 110.5E
45A Kosmos-2360        MO RF      Sigint     Jul 28   844 x   856 x 71.0
46A Orbcomm B5         Orbcomm    Comsat     Aug  2   813 x   824 x 45.0
46B Orbcomm B6         Orbcomm    Comsat     Aug  2   810 x   827 x 45.0
46C Orbcomm B7         Orbcomm    Comsat     Aug  2   809 x   828 x 45.0
46D Orbcomm B8         Orbcomm    Comsat     Aug  2   811 x   826 x 45.0
46E Orbcomm B4         Orbcomm    Comsat     Aug  2   812 x   825 x 45.0
46F Orbcomm B3         Orbcomm    Comsat     Aug  2   812 x   825 x 45.0
46G Orbcomm B2         Orbcomm    Comsat     Aug  2   811 x   826 x 45.0
46H Orbcomm B1         Orbcomm    Comsat     Aug  2   813 x   824 x 45.0
F02 USA                NRO/NSA    Sigint     Aug 12 Exploded at launch
47A Soyuz TM-28        RKA        Spaceship  Aug 13 Docked to Mir complex
48A Iridium 78         Iridium    Comsat     Aug 19   776 x   779 x 86.4
48B Iridium 76         Iridium    Comsat     Aug 19   775 x   779 x 86.4
49A ST-1               SingT/ChuT Comsat     Aug 25 35776 x 35797 x  0.0  88.0E
F03 Galaxy X           Panamsat   Comsat     Aug 27 Exploded at launch
50A Astra 2A           SES        Comsat     Aug 30 35739 x 35833 x  0.0  28.3E
F04 Kwangmyongsong 1   DPRK       Test       Aug 31 Fell in Pacific?
51A Iridium 82         Iridium    Comsat     Sep  8   706 x   711 x 86.5
51B Iridium 81         Iridium    Comsat     Sep  8   775 x   779 x 86.4
51C Iridium 80         Iridium    Comsat     Sep  8   774 x   781 x 86.4
51D Iridium 79         Iridium    Comsat     Sep  8   494 x   544 x 86.0
51E Iridium 77         Iridium    Comsat     Sep  8   707 x   709 x 86.5
F05 Globalstar FM5     Globalstar Comsat     Sep  9 Fell in Siberia
F05 Globalstar FM7     Globalstar Comsat     Sep  9 Fell in Siberia
F05 Globalstar FM9     Globalstar Comsat     Sep  9 Fell in Siberia
F05 Globalstar FM10    Globalstar Comsat     Sep  9 Fell in Siberia
F05 Globalstar FM11    Globalstar Comsat     Sep  9 Fell in Siberia
F05 Globalstar FM12    Globalstar Comsat     Sep  9 Fell in Siberia
F05 Globalstar FM13    Globalstar Comsat     Sep  9 Fell in Siberia
F05 Globalstar FM16    Globalstar Comsat     Sep  9 Fell in Siberia
F05 Globalstar FM17    Globalstar Comsat     Sep  9 Fell in Siberia
F05 Globalstar FM18    Globalstar Comsat     Sep  9 Fell in Siberia
F05 Globalstar FM20    Globalstar Comsat     Sep  9 Fell in Siberia
F05 Globalstar FM21    Globalstar Comsat     Sep  9 Fell in Siberia
52A PAS 7              Panamsat   Comsat     Sep 16 35749 x 35821 x  0.0  68.7E
53A Orbcomm C1         Orbcomm    Comsat     Sep 23   811 x   825 x 45.0
53B Orbcomm C2         Orbcomm    Comsat     Sep 23   814 x   823 x 45.0
53C Orbcomm C3         Orbcomm    Comsat     Sep 23   813 x   823 x 45.0
53D Orbcomm C4         Orbcomm    Comsat     Sep 23   814 x   822 x 45.0
53E Orbcomm C5         Orbcomm    Comsat     Sep 23   813 x   824 x 45.0
53F Orbcomm C6         Orbcomm    Comsat     Sep 23   811 x   825 x 45.0
53G Orbcomm C7         Orbcomm    Comsat     Sep 23   813 x   823 x 45.0
53H Orbcomm C8         Orbcomm    Comsat     Sep 23   813 x   824 x 45.0
54A Molniya-1T         MO RF      Comsat     Sep 28   506 x 39840 x 62.9
55A STEX               NRO        Technology Oct  3   743 x   758 x 85.0
55A ATEX               NRO/NRL    Tether     Oct  3 Still attached to STEX?
56A Eutelsat W2        Eutelsat   Comsat     Oct  5 35779 x 35791 x  0.0  16.0E
56B Sirius 3           NSAB       Comsat     Oct  5 35768 x 35805 x  0.0  23.5E
57A Hot Bird 5         Eutelsat   Comsat     Oct  9 35766 x 35805 x  0.0  10.0E
58A UHF F/O F9         USN        Comsat     Oct 20 34816 x 36750 x  6.0 173.9W
59A Maqsat-3           ESA        Test       Oct 21   996 x 35511 x  7.2
60A SCD-2              INPE       Environtl. Oct 23   742 x   768 x 25.0
61A Deep Space 1       NASA/JPL   Probe      Oct 24 En route to 1992 KD
61B SEDSAT             SEDS-UAH   Comsat     Oct 24   546 x  1078 x 31.4
62A Progress M-40      RKA        Cargo      Oct 25 Docked to Mir complex
62C Spoutnik-41        ACF/AFR    Comsat     Oct 25   313 x   318 x 51.7
63A Afristar           Worldspace Comsat     Oct 28 35766 x 35804 x  0.0  21.0E
63B GE 5               Americom   Comsat     Oct 28 35498 x 35894 x  0.2  36.4W
64A Discovery (STS-95) NASA-JSC   Spaceship  Oct 29 Landed at KSC Nov 7
64A Spacehab-SM        NASA-JSC   Spacelab   Oct 29 Remained attached to OV-103
64B PANSAT             USN        Comsat     Oct 29   551 x   562 x 28.5
64C Spartan 201        NASA-GSFC  Astronomy  Oct 29 Retrieved by OV-103 Nov 3
65A PAS 8              Panamsat   Comsat     Nov  4 35599 x 36075 x  0.3 166.1E
66A Iridium 87         Iridium    Comsat     Nov  6   512 x   538 x 85.4
66B Iridium 86         Iridium    Comsat     Nov  6   701 x   706 x 86.5
66C Iridium 85         Iridium    Comsat     Nov  6   512 x   536 x 86.0
66D Iridium 84         Iridium    Comsat     Nov  6   701 x   705 x 86.5
66E Iridium 83         Iridium    Comsat     Nov  6   775 x   779 x 86.4
67A Zarya              NASA/RKA   Station    Nov 20   397 x   402 x 51.6
68A BONUM-1            BONUM      Comsat     Nov 22 35785 x 35787 x  0.1  35.9E
69A Endeavour (STS-88) NASA-JSC   Spaceship  Dec  4 Landed at KSC Dec 16
69F Unity              NASA-JSC   Station    Dec  4 Docked to PMA-1,PMA-2
69F PMA-1              NASA-JSC   Station    Dec  4 Docked to Unity,Zarya
69F PMA-2              NASA-JSC   Station    Dec  4 Docked to Unity
69B SAC-A              CONAE      Environtl. Dec  4   381 x   398 x 51.6
69C Mightysat 1        USAF       Technology Dec  4   381 x   395 x 51.6
70A Satmex 5           Satmex     Comsat     Dec  6 27669 x 35795 x  0.5
71A SWAS               NASA-GSFC  Astronomy  Dec  6   637 x   651 x 69.9
72A Nadezhda           MO RF      Navsat     Dec 10   976 x  1013 x 83.0
72B Astrid-2           SSC        Science    Dec 10   978 x  1013 x 83.0
73A Mars Climate Orb.  NASA/JPL   Probe      Dec 11 En route to Mars
74A Iridium 88?        Iridium    Comsat     Dec 19   623 x   656 x 86.4
74B Iridium 89?        Iridium    Comsat     Dec 19   623 x   654 x 86.4
75A PAS 6B             Panamsat   Comsat     Dec 22   445 x 35785 x  7.0
76A Kosmos-2361        MO RF      Navsat     Dec 24   969 x  1013 x 82.9
77A Kosmos-2362        MO RF      Navsat     Dec 30 19115 x 19134 x 64.8
77B Kosmos-2363        MO RF      Navsat     Dec 30 19122 x 19126 x 64.8
77C Kosmos-2364        MO RF      Navsat     Dec 30 19125 x 19127 x 64.8

PART 2: Manufacturers/Designers.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
I give the general type of bus, e.g. no distinction is made between
HS-601 and HS-601HP and so in. See the next section for the key to
my abbreviations for the manufacturers. The manufacturer of the
spacecraft is usually, but not always, the spacecraft prime contractor.

Des  Name               Manufacturer     Bus

01A Lunar Prospector   LM-S             LM-100
02A Skynet 4D          MMS/UK           ECS
F01 'Ofeq-4            IAI              'Ofeq
03A OV-105             Boeing-NA        Shuttle
03A Spacehab-DM        Boeing-HB/Alenia Spacehab
04A 7K-STM No. 76      Energiya         7K-STM
05A SDS?               Hughes           SDS-C?
06A Brasilsat B3       Hughes           HS-376W
06B Inmarsat 3 F5      LM-EW            LM4000
07A GFO                Ball             Techstar
07B Orbcomm FM3        Orbital-G        Microstar
07C Orbcomm FM4        Orbital-G        Microstar
07D Celestis-02        Orbital-G        CPAC/Orion 38
08A Globalstar FM1     Loral/Alenia     LS-400
08B Globalstar FM2     Loral/Alenia     LS-400
08C Globalstar FM3     Loral/Alenia     LS-400
08D Globalstar FM4     Loral/Alenia     LS-400
09A Kometa No. 19      Progress         Yantar'-1KFT
10A Iridium 52         LM-S/Motorola    Iridium
10B Iridium 56         LM-S/Motorola    Iridium
10C Iridium 54         LM-S/Motorola    Iridium
10D Iridium 50         LM-S/Motorola    Iridium
10E Iridium 53         LM-S/Motorola    Iridium
11A COMETS             Toshiba/NEC      ETS
12A SNOE               Colorado         SNOE
12B BATSAT             Orbital-G        Microstar
13A Hot Bird 4         MMS-F            Eurostar 2000
14A Intelsat 806       LM-EW            LM7000
15A 7K-TGM No. 240     Energiya         7K-TGM
16A UHF F/O F-8        Hughes           HS-601
17A SPOT 4             MMS-F            SPOT
18A Iridium 51         LM-S/Motorola    Iridium
18B Iridium 61         LM-S/Motorola    Iridium
19A Iridium 55         LM-S/Motorola    Iridium
19B Iridium 57         LM-S/Motorola    Iridium
19C Iridium 58         LM-S/Motorola    Iridium
19D Iridium 59         LM-S/Motorola    Iridium
19E Iridium 60         LM-S/Motorola    Iridium
20A TRACE              NASA-GSFC        SMEX
21A Iridium 62         LM-S/Motorola    Iridium
21B Iridium 63         LM-S/Motorola    Iridium
21C Iridium 64         LM-S/Motorola    Iridium
21D Iridium 65         LM-S/Motorola    Iridium
21E Iridium 66         LM-S/Motorola    Iridium
21F Iridium 67         LM-S/Motorola    Iridium
21G Iridium 68         LM-S/Motorola    Iridium
22A OV-102             Boeing-NA        Shuttle
22A Spacelab LM 2      DASA-ERNO        Spacelab
23A Globalstar FM6     Loral/Alenia     LS-400
23B Globalstar FM8     Loral/Alenia     LS-400
23C Globalstar FM14    Loral/Alenia     LS-400
23D Globalstar FM15    Loral/Alenia     LS-400
24A Nilesat 101        MMS-F            Eurostar 2000
24B BSAT 1b            Hughes           HS-376
25A Prognoz            Lavochkin        Prognoz
26A Iridium 69         LM-S/Motorola    Iridium
26B Iridium 71         LM-S/Motorola    Iridium
27A Oko                Lavochkin        Oko
28A Echostar 4         LM-S             A2100       
29A USA 139            Hughes?          Adv. ORION
30A NOAA 15            LM-EW            ATN
31A 7K-TGM No. 238     Energiya         7K-TGM
32A Iridium 70         LM-S/Motorola    Iridium
32B Iridium 72         LM-S/Motorola    Iridium
32C Iridium 73         LM-S/Motorola    Iridium
32D Iridium 74         LM-S/Motorola    Iridium
32E Iridium 75         LM-S/Motorola    Iridium
33A Zhongwei 1         LM-S             A2100
34A OV-103             Boeing-NA        Shuttle          
34A Spacehab-SM        Boeing-HB/Alenia Spacehab
34A AMS                CALT             AMS
35A Thor III           Hughes           HS-376
36A Strela-3           PM               Strela-3
36B Strela-3           PM               Strela-3
36C Strela-3           PM               Strela-3
36D Strela-3           PM               Strela-3
36E Strela-3           PM               Strela-3
36F Strela-3           PM               Strela-3
37A Intelsat 805       LM-EW            LM7000
38A Kobal't            Progress         Yantar'-4K2?
39A Terilen            Progress         Yantar'-4KS1
40A Molniya-3 No. 61   PM               Molniya-3
41A Planet-B           NEC              Planet-B
42A Tubsat-N           TUB              Tubsat-N
42B Tubsat-N1          TUB              Tubsat-N
42C Instr. package     TUB              Shtil' final stage
43A Resurs-O1 No. 4    VNIIEM           Meteor
43B Fasat-Bravo        SSTL             Uosat
43C TM-SAT             SSTL             Uosat
43D Techsat 1B         Technion         Techsat
43E WESTPAC            RKA/EOS          GFZ
43F SAFIR-2            OHB              Safir
44A Sinosat            Alcatel          Spacebus 3000
45A Tselina-2          Yuzhnoe          Tselina-2
46A Orbcomm FM17       Orbital-G        Microstar
46B Orbcomm FM18       Orbital-G        Microstar
46C Orbcomm FM19       Orbital-G        Microstar
46D Orbcomm FM20       Orbital-G        Microstar
46E Orbcomm FM16       Orbital-G        Microstar
46F Orbcomm FM15       Orbital-G        Microstar
46G Orbcomm FM14       Orbital-G        Microstar
46H Orbcomm FM13       Orbital-G        Microstar
F02 MERCURY            TRW?             MERCURY
47A 7K-STM No. 77      Energiya         7K-STM
48A Iridium 78         LM-S/Motorola    Iridium
48B Iridium 76         LM-S/Motorola    Iridium
49A ST-1               MMS-F            Eurostar 2000
F03 Galaxy X           Hughes           HS-601
50A Astra 2A           Hughes           HS-601
F04 Kwangmyongsong 1   DPRK             DPRK
51A Iridium 82         LM-S/Motorola    Iridium
51B Iridium 81         LM-S/Motorola    Iridium
51C Iridium 80         LM-S/Motorola    Iridium
51D Iridium 79         LM-S/Motorola    Iridium
51E Iridium 77         LM-S/Motorola    Iridium
F05 Globalstar FM5     Loral/Alenia     LS-400
F05 Globalstar FM7     Loral/Alenia     LS-400
F05 Globalstar FM9     Loral/Alenia     LS-400
F05 Globalstar FM10    Loral/Alenia     LS-400
F05 Globalstar FM11    Loral/Alenia     LS-400
F05 Globalstar FM12    Loral/Alenia     LS-400
F05 Globalstar FM13    Loral/Alenia     LS-400
F05 Globalstar FM16    Loral/Alenia     LS-400
F05 Globalstar FM17    Loral/Alenia     LS-400
F05 Globalstar FM18    Loral/Alenia     LS-400
F05 Globalstar FM20    Loral/Alenia     LS-400
F05 Globalstar FM21    Loral/Alenia     LS-400
52A PAS 7              Loral            FS-1300
53A Orbcomm FM21       Orbital-G        Microstar
53B Orbcomm FM22       Orbital-G        Microstar
53C Orbcomm FM23       Orbital-G        Microstar
53D Orbcomm FM24       Orbital-G        Microstar
53E Orbcomm FM25       Orbital-G        Microstar
53F Orbcomm FM26       Orbital-G        Microstar
53G Orbcomm FM27       Orbital-G        Microstar
53H Orbcomm FM28       Orbital-G        Microstar
54A Molniya-1T         PM               Molniya-1T
55A STEX               LM-A             STEX
55A ATEX               NRL              ATEX
56A Eutelsat W2        Alcatel          Spacebus 3000
56B Sirius 3           Hughes           HS-376
57A Hot Bird 5         MMS-F            Eurostar 2000
58A UHF F/O F9         Hughes           HS-601
59A Maqsat-3           Kayser-Threde    Dummy Spacebus 3000
60A SCD-2              INPE             SCD
61A Deep Space 1       JPL/SA           SA-200
61B SEDSAT             SEDS-UAH         SEDSAT
62A 7K-TGM No. 239     Energiya         7K-TGM 
62C Spoutnik-41        AFR              Spoutnik-40
63A Afristar           MMS-F            Eurostar 2000
63B GE 5               Alcatel          Spacebus 2000
64A OV-103             Boeing-NA        Shuttle          
64A Spacehab-SM        Boeing-HB/Alenia Spacehab
64B PANSAT             USNA             PANSAT
64C Spartan 201        NASA-GSFC        Spartan 200
65A PAS 8              Loral            FS-1300
66A Iridium 87         LM-S/Motorola    Iridium
66B Iridium 86         LM-S/Motorola    Iridium
66C Iridium 85         LM-S/Motorola    Iridium
66D Iridium 84         LM-S/Motorola    Iridium
66E Iridium 83         LM-S/Motorola    Iridium
67A 77KSM No. 17501    Krunichev        77KS
68A BONUM-1            Hughes           HS-376
69A OV-105             Boeing-NA        Shuttle
69F Node 1             Boeing-HSV       ISS Node
69F PMA-1              Boeing-HB        ISS PMA
69F PMA-2              Boeing-HB        ISS PMA
69B SAC-A              INVAP            SAC
69C Mightysat 1        Orbital-M        Mightysat
70A Satmex 5           Hughes           HS-601
71A SWAS               NASA-GSFC        SMEX
72A Nadezhda           Polyot           Parus
72B Astrid-2           SSC              Astrid
73A Mars Climate Orb.  LM-A             Mars Surveyor
74A Iridium 88?        LM-S/Motorola    Iridium
74B Iridium 89?        LM-S/Motorola    Iridium
75A PAS 6B             Hughes           HS-601
76A Parus              Polyot           Parus
77A Uragan             Polyot           Uragan
77B Uragan             Polyot           Uragan
77C Uragan             Polyot           Uragan

PART 3 - Abbreviations for Organizations

ACF             Aero Club de France, Paris
AFR             Astronautical Federation of Russia
Alcatel         Alcatel, Cannes, France (was Aerospatiale)
Alenia          Alenia Spazio, Torino, Italy
Americom        GE American Communications
Ball            Ball Aerospace, Boulder
Boeing-NA       Boeing Palmdale (formerly Rockwell/North American)
Boeing-HB       Boeing Huntington Beach (formerly McDonnell Douglas)
Boeing-HSV      Boeing Huntsville
BONUM           BONUM, Media Most, Moskva
BSAT            Broadcasting Satellite System Corp, Tokyo
CALT            China Academy of Launch Vehicle Tech., Beijing
Celestis        Celestis Inc., Florida
ChinaOri        China Orient Telecomms. Satellite Co, Beijing 
                  (Min of Post. and Tel)
ChuT            Chunghwa Telecom, Taiwan
CNES            Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales, Toulouse
Colorado        University of Colorado, Boulder
CONAE           Comision Nacional de Actividades Espaciales, Buenos Aires
CIA             Central Intelligence Agency, USA
DASA-ERNO       DaimlerChrysler Aerospace, Bremen (formerly ERNO)
DLR             Deutsche Forschungsanstalt fur Luft- und Raumfahrt, Koln
Dornier         DaimlerChrysler Aerospace, Dornier Satellitensysteme GmbH, 
                  Friedrichshafen
DPRK            Dem. People's Republic of Korea (Chongon)
Echostar        Echostar Communications Corp., Englewood
Embratel        Embratel, Brasil
Energiya        RKK Energiya im. S.P. Korolyov, Kaliningrad-Korolyov
EOS             Electro-Optical Systems, Queanbeyan, NSW
ESA             European Space Agency
Eutelsat        European Telecommunications Sat. Org.
FACH            Fuerza Aerea de Chile, Santiago
Globalstar      Globalstar Comms Corp., San Jose
Hughes          Hughes Space and Communications, El Segundo
IAI             Israel Aircraft Industries
Inmarsat        International Maritime Satellite Organization, London
INPE            Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espacias, Sao Jose dos Campos
Intelsat        International Telecommunications Sat. Org., Washington DC.
INVAP           INVAP SE, Bariloche, Argentina
Iridium         Iridium Inc., Washington DC.
ISA             Israeli Space Agency
ISAS            Institute of Space and Astronautical Sciences, Tokyo
JPL             Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena
Kayser-Threde   Kayser-Threde, Munchen
Lavochkin       NPO Lavochkin, Moskva
LM-A            Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver (formerly Martin)
LM-EW           Lockheed Martin Telecommunications, East Windsor (formerly RCA)
LM-S            Lockheed Martin, Sunnyvale (formerly Lockheed)
Loral           Space Systems/Loral, Palo Alto
MMS-F           Matra Marconi Space-France, Toulouse
MMS-UK          Matra Marconi Space-UK, Stevenage
MO RF           Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation
Motorola        Motorola Satellite, Chandler
NASA            National Aeronautics and Space Administration, USA
NASA-ARC        NASA Ames Research Center
NASA-GSFC       NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt.
NASA-JSC        NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston.
NASA-MSFC       NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville
NASDA           National Space Development Agency, Japan
NEC             Nippon Electric Corp, Tokyo
Nilesat         Nilesat, Egyptian Radio and TV Union, Cairo
NOAA            National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, USA
NRL             Naval Research Lab, Washington, DC
NRO             US National Reconnaissance Office, Chantilly
NSA             US National Security Agency, Fort Meade
NSAB            Nordiska Satellit AB, Solna, Stockholm
OHB             OHB System GmbH, Bremen
Orbcomm         Orbital Communications Corp, Dulles
Orbital-G       Orbital Sciences Corp., Germantown (formerly Fairchild)
Orbital-M       Orbital Sciences Corp., McLean (formerly DSI and CTA)
Panamsat        Panamsat Inc. Greenwich, Connecticut
PM              NPO Prikladnoi Mekhaniki, Zhelenogorsk
Polyot          AKO Polyot, Omsk
Progress        TsSKB-Progress, Samara
RKA             Russian Space Agency
SA              Spectrum Astro, Gilbert, Arizona
Satmex          Satellites Mexicanos SA de SV, Mexico City
SEDS            Students for the Exploration and Development of Space.
SEDS-UAH        SEDS, Univ. Alabama-Huntsville chapter                
SES             Societe Europeene des Satellites, Luxembourg
SingT           Singapore Telecom, Singapore
Sinosat         Sino Satellite Comms. Co., Shanghai
SSC             Swedish Space Corporation
SSTL            Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd., Guildford.
Technion        Technion Institute of Technology, Haifa
Teledesic       Teledesic Corp.
Telenor         Telenor, Oslo
TMSAT           Thai Microsatellite Co, Bangkok
Toshiba         Toshiba Corp., Tokyo
TRW             TRW, Redondo Beach
TUB             Technische Universitat Berlin
UK MoD          United Kingdom Ministry of Defence
USAF            United States Air Force
USN             United States Navy
USNA            United States Naval Academy
VNIIEM          VNII Elektromekhaniki
Worldspace      Worldspace Inc, Washington DC
WPLTN           Western Pacific Laser Tracking Network
Yuzhnoe         KB Yuzhnoe, Dnepropetrovsk, Ukraine



PART 4 - Launch Vehicles
 
 Launch vehicles are listed by type, in order of number of
launches. There were 81 launches this year, compared to 89
in 1997 and 77 in 1996.
 Shuttle and Proton launches are down, with other launch totals similar
to last year. There were  no launches this year by Start, PSLV, or VLS,
but new launch vehicles included Shtil', Taepodong and Delta 3 (only
Shtil' reached orbit).

US vehicles:            Launched        Failures
 NASA Space Shuttle     5               0
 Lockheed Martin Titan  3               1
 Lockheed Martin Atlas  6               0
 Lockheed Martin Athena 1               0
 Boeing Delta 2         12              0 
 Boeing Delta 3         1               1
 Orbital Pegasus        6               0
 Orbital Taurus         2               0

Russian vehicles:
 TsSKB-Progress Soyuz   11              0
 Krunichev Proton       7               0
 Polyot Kosmos          2               0

Other vehicles:
 Arianespace Ariane     10              0
 Arianespace Ariane 5   1               0
 NASDA H-II             1               1*
 CALT Chang Zheng       6               0
 Yuzhnoe Tsiklon        1               0+
 Yuzhnoe Zenit          3               1
 Nissan M-V             1               0
 Makeev Shtil'          1               0
 IAI Shaviyt            1               1
 DPRK Taepodong         1               1
------------------------------------------
Total                  82               6


Boeing Delta 2
 Jan 10 D252            Delta 7925              CC LC17B             
 Feb 14 D253            Delta 7420-10C          CC LC17A             
 Feb 18 D254            Delta 7920-10C          V SLC2W              
 Mar 30 D255            Delta 7920-10C          V SLC2W              
 Apr 24 D256            Delta 7420-10C          CC LC17A             
 May 17 D257            Delta 7920-10C          V SLC2W              
 Jun 10 D258            Delta 7925-9.5          CC LC17A             
 Sep  8 D259            Delta 7920-10C          V SLC2W              
 Oct 24 D261            Delta 7326-9.5          CC SLC17A            
 Nov  6 D262            Delta 7920-10C          V SLC2W              
 Nov 22 D263            Delta 7925              CC SLC17B            
 Dec 11 D264            Delta 7425              CC SLC17             

TsSKB-Progress Soyuz
 Jan 29 -               Soyuz 11A511U           GIK-5 LC1            
 Feb 17 -               Soyuz 11A511U           GIK-5 LC31?          
 Mar 14 -               Soyuz 11A511U           GIK-5 LC1            
 May  7 -               Molniya-2BL             GIK-1 LC16-2         
 May 14 -               Soyuz 11A511U           GIK-5 LC1            
 Jun 24 -               Soyuz 11A511U           GIK-1 LC43/3         
 Jun 25 -               Soyuz 11A511U           GIK-5 LC31           
 Jul  1 -               Molniya-ML              GIK-1 LC43/3         
 Aug 13 -               Soyuz 11A511U           GIK-5 LC1            
 Sep 28 -               Molniya-ML              GIK-1                
 Oct 25 -               Soyuz 11A511U           GIK-5 LC1            

Arianespace Ariane
 Feb  4 V105            Ariane 44LP             CSG ELA2             
 Feb 27 V106            Ariane 42P              CSG ELA2             
 Mar 24 V107            Ariane 40               CSG ELA2             
 Apr 28 V108            Ariane 44P              CSG ELA2             
 Aug 25 V109            Ariane 44P              CSG ELA2             
 Sep 16 V110            Ariane 44LP             CSG ELA2             
 Oct  5 V111            Ariane 44L              CSG ELA2             
 Oct 28 V113            Ariane 44L              CSG ELA2             
 Dec  6 V114            Ariane 42L              CSG ELA2             
 Dec 22 V115            Ariane 42L              CSG ELA2

Krunichev Proton
 Apr  7 391-02          Proton-K/DM2            GIK-5 LC81L          
 Apr 29 384-02          Proton-K/DM-2           GIK-5 LC200L         
 May  7 393-02          Proton-K/DM3            GIK-5 LC81L          
 Aug 30 383-01          Proton-K/DM3            GIK-5 LC81L          
 Nov  4 -               Proton-K/DM3            GIK-5 LC81L?         
 Nov 20 395-01          Proton-K                GIK-5 LC81L          
 Dec 30 -               Proton-K/DM-2           GIK-5 LC200L?

LMA Atlas
 Jan 29 AC-109          Atlas IIA               CC SLC36A            
 Feb 28 AC-151          Atlas IIAS              CC SLC36B            
 Mar 16 AC-132          Atlas II                CC SLC36A            
 Jun 18 AC-153          Atlas IIAS              CC SLC36A            
 Oct  9 AC-134          Atlas IIA               CC SLC36B            
 Oct 20 AC-130          Atlas IIA               CC SLC36A            

Orbital Pegasus
 Feb 26 F20             Pegasus XL              V    RW30    PAWA    
 Apr  2 F21             Pegasus XL              V    RW30/12 PAWA    
 Aug  2 F22             Pegasus XL/HAPS         WI           DZWI    
 Sep 23 F23             Pegasus XL/HAPS         WI           DZWI    
 Oct 23 F24/P-33        Pegasus H               CC RW02/22   MFWA    
 Dec  6 F-25            Pegasus XL              V    RW30/12 PAWA    

CALT Chang Zheng
 Mar 25 CZ2C-17         Chang Zheng 2C-III/SD   TYSC                 
 May  2 CZ2C-18         Chang Zheng 2C-III/SD   TYSC                 
 May 30 CZ3B-4          Chang Zheng 3B          XSC LC2              
 Jul 18 CZ3B-5          Chang Zheng 3B          XSC LC2              
 Aug 19 CZ2C-19         Chang Zheng 2C-III/SD   TYSC                 
 Dec 19 CZ2C-20         Chang Zheng 2C-III/SD   TYSC                 

NASA Space Shuttle
 Jan 23 STS-89          Space Shuttle           KSC LC39A            
 Apr 17 STS-90          Space Shuttle           KSC LC39B            
 Jun  2 STS-91          Space Shuttle           KSC LC39A            
 Oct 29 STS-95          Space Shuttle           KSC LC39B            
 Dec  4 STS-88          Space Shuttle           KSC LC39A            

LMA Titan
 May  9 4B-25 (K-25)    Titan 401B/Centaur      CC LC40              
 May 13 23G-12          Titan II SLV            V SLC4W              
 Aug 12 4A-20 (K-17)    Titan 401A/Centaur      CC LC41              

Yuzhnoe Zenit
 Jul 10 -               Zenit-2                 GIK-5 LC45L          
 Jul 28 -               Zenit-2                 GIK-5 LC45L          
 Sep  9 -               Zenit-2                 GIK-5 LC45L          

Orbital Taurus
 Feb 10 T2              Taurus                  V 576E               
 Oct  3 T3              ARPA Taurus             V 576E               

Polyot Kosmos-3M
 Dec 10 -               Kosmos 11K65M           GIK-1 LC132          
 Dec 24                 Kosmos 11K65M           GIK-1 LC132?

Arianespace Ariane 5
 Oct 21 V112 (503)      Ariane 5                CSG ELA3             

NASDA H-II
 Feb 21 H-II-5F         H-II                    TNSC Y                *

LMA Athena
 Jan  7 LM-004          Athena-2                SPFL LC46            

Yuzhnoe Tsiklon
 Jun 15 -               Tsiklon-3               GIK-1 LC32/1         *

Nissan M-V
 Jul  3 M-V-3           M-V                     KASC M-V             

Makeev Shtil'
 Jul  7 -               Shtil'                  BLA, K-407           

Boeing Delta 3
 Aug 27 D3-1            Delta III 8930          CC LC17B             

IAI Shaviyt
 Jan 22 4               Shaviyt 1               PALB                 

DPRK Taepodong
 Aug 31 -               Taepodong 1             MUSU                 



.-------------------------------------------------------------------------.
|  Jonathan McDowell                 |  phone : (617) 495-7176            |
|  Harvard-Smithsonian Center for    |                                    |
|   Astrophysics                     |                                    |
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|  Cambridge MA 02138                |  inter : jcm@urania.harvard.edu    |
|  USA                               |          jmcdowell@cfa.harvard.edu |
|                                                                         |
| JSR: http://hea-www.harvard.edu/QEDT/jcm/space/jsr/jsr.html             |
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